Post by dreamingfifi on Dec 5, 2013 2:28:23 GMT -6
Lesson 2: The Verb [al], Pronouns, and Adjectives
When introducing yourself, you’ll need the verb [al], which means “to be”. To put it in a sentence, you’ll put the object of the sentence, the name, first, then [al] then the pronoun [‘re] – “I”, like so:
To put emphasis on “I”, like “I, myself am Fiayel.” You use the long version of [‘re] – [amare].
Then there’s the Familiar (See Lesson 1) version of “I”, the only pronoun that has a Familiar version – [‘o].
Then we can mix and match [al] with other pronouns to introduce other people. Use the long version of the pronoun to put emphasis on the pronoun, and the suffix form for the rest of the time.
Note that there is no gender or animacy distinction for the 3rd person.
When you’re dealing with introducing more than one person, you’ll need the word for “and” and some plural pronouns. “And” is [imwa] in the Quel’sian dialect, and [iwwa] in the Sin’sian dialect. Put “and” between the things it’s linking.
Here is a list of plural pronouns to use:
When you’re asking someone to introduce themselves, you’ll need a word for “who” – [dath].
Or with emphasis on “you”:
Another way to ask someone’s name is to say:
You can leave the pronoun off because this statement is often included with a hand gesture: hand flat, knuckles facing the ground, fingers together and directed at whom you’re asking about. It’s worth noting here that there is no word for “the” in Thalas’sian, so you needn’t concern yourself with its translation in the English.
To answer this question:
Thalas’sian nouns lack plural distinctions, so you may use “missa” when asking one person for their name or a group of people for their names, without changing it.
Once everyone knows who everyone else is, you can start asking about how the people are doing. The relevant questions are:
Or, if you want to put emphasis on the “how” phrase it like this:
Note that when the pronoun is going at the beginning of the sentence, with nothing to latch onto, it stays in its long form. When “doral” is moved to the front, the pronoun has a verb to latch onto.
Or if you are an excitable person and want to put emphasis on everything:
To answer the question, you’ll have to pay special attention to the adjectives. There are two classes of adjectives, which I will refer to as free-adjectives and ‘el-adjectives.
Free-standing adjectives stand on their own, without help:
And they are used with [al] like so:
'El-adjectives are derived adjectives, which end in [el]. To distinguish them from adjectives that end in [el] but aren’t derived, they will be listed in the dictionary ending with the [‘el] suffix marked with an apostrophe. They’ll look like this:
In normal use, you’ll leave the apostrophe out.
For using these adjectives with [al], you replace the [el] with [al], like so:
You can also ask directly about someone’s [ana] health:
Note that the shortened pronouns are also being used as possessive pronouns because they are latched onto the back end of a noun.
To answer this question, use an adjective with [al] like you learned to above and the necessary possessive pronoun. Here are a few examples:
For practice, try out making short dialogues and practicing them with a partner.
When introducing yourself, you’ll need the verb [al], which means “to be”. To put it in a sentence, you’ll put the object of the sentence, the name, first, then [al] then the pronoun [‘re] – “I”, like so:
Fiayel al’re. – I’m Fiayel.
To put emphasis on “I”, like “I, myself am Fiayel.” You use the long version of [‘re] – [amare].
Fiayel al amare. – I am Fiayel.
Then there’s the Familiar (See Lesson 1) version of “I”, the only pronoun that has a Familiar version – [‘o].
Fiayel al’o. – I’m Fiayel.
English | Short Pronoun | Long Pronoun |
I | ‘re/‘o | amare |
you | ‘a | diel |
it/he/she | ‘men | tamen |
When you’re dealing with introducing more than one person, you’ll need the word for “and” and some plural pronouns. “And” is [imwa] in the Quel’sian dialect, and [iwwa] in the Sin’sian dialect. Put “and” between the things it’s linking.
Quel’sian: Fiayel imwa Telthero al’na. – We are Fiayel and Telthero.
Sin’sian: Fiayel iwwa Telthero al’na. – We are Fiayel and Telthero.
Sin’sian: Fiayel iwwa Telthero al’na. – We are Fiayel and Telthero.
English | Short Pronoun | Long Pronoun |
we | ‘na | delana |
y’all | ‘a | ara |
they | ‘shi | fallaa |
When you’re asking someone to introduce themselves, you’ll need a word for “who” – [dath].
Dath al’a? – Who are you?
Or with emphasis on “you”:
Dath al diel? – Who are you?
Dath al ara? – Who are y’all?
Dath al ara? – Who are y’all?
Another way to ask someone’s name is to say:
Asha al missa? – What is the name?
To answer this question:
Fiayel al missa. – The name is Fiayel.
Thalas’sian nouns lack plural distinctions, so you may use “missa” when asking one person for their name or a group of people for their names, without changing it.
Quel’sian: Fiayel imwa Telthero al missa. – The names are Fiayel and Telthero.
Sin’sian: Fiayel iwwa Telthero al missa. – The names are Fiayel and Telthero.
Sin’sian: Fiayel iwwa Telthero al missa. – The names are Fiayel and Telthero.
Once everyone knows who everyone else is, you can start asking about how the people are doing. The relevant questions are:
Diel doral? – How are you?
Ara doral? – How are y’all?
Ara doral? – How are y’all?
Or, if you want to put emphasis on the “how” phrase it like this:
Doral’a?
Or if you are an excitable person and want to put emphasis on everything:
Doral diel?
Doral ara?
Doral ara?
Free-standing adjectives stand on their own, without help:
Good – sinu
Great – bala
Happy – faren
Safe – shala
Peaceful – ronae/ronee (Quel’sian/Sin’sian)
Bad – kerji/kerzhi (Quel’sian/Sin’sian)
Great – bala
Happy – faren
Safe – shala
Peaceful – ronae/ronee (Quel’sian/Sin’sian)
Bad – kerji/kerzhi (Quel’sian/Sin’sian)
Amare sinu al.
Delana faren al.
Delana faren al.
'El-adjectives are derived adjectives, which end in [el]. To distinguish them from adjectives that end in [el] but aren’t derived, they will be listed in the dictionary ending with the [‘el] suffix marked with an apostrophe. They’ll look like this:
Good – shor’el
First – mag’el
Cheerful – affi’dall’el
Alive – aran’el
Last – fin’el
First – mag’el
Cheerful – affi’dall’el
Alive – aran’el
Last – fin’el
For using these adjectives with [al], you replace the [el] with [al], like so:
Amare shoral.
Delana affi’dallal.
Delana affi’dallal.
You can also ask directly about someone’s [ana] health:
Ana’a doral? – How is/are your/y’all’s health(s)?
Ana’men doral? – How is its/her/his health?
Ana’shi doral? – How are their healths?
Ana’men doral? – How is its/her/his health?
Ana’shi doral? – How are their healths?
To answer this question, use an adjective with [al] like you learned to above and the necessary possessive pronoun. Here are a few examples:
Ana’na shoral.
Quel’sian: Ana’o kerji al.
Sin’sian: Ana’o kerzhi al.
Quel’sian: Ana’o kerji al.
Sin’sian: Ana’o kerzhi al.